Gvantsa Jikia
Ilia State University-University of Münster
- BA Studies: Law, Faculty of Business, Law and Social Sciences at Akaki Tsereteli State University (Kutaisi, Georgia) from 09/2011 to 07/2015
- MA Studies: Comparative Constitutional Law, Legal Studies Department, Central European University (Budapest, Hungary) from 09/2016 to 06/2017
Political revolutions are capable of transforming an entire legal architecture. Mass protests and the rejection of incumbent regimes that are considered unjust trigger revolutions that can bring broad structural changes and impose a new political and legal order. Revolutionaries take power and claim their role as guarantors of a just political system. They encourage and mobilize strong democratic impulses in order to overthrow tyrannical governments. Revolutions as popular events have often been characterized by blood shedding. As one famous example, breaking aristocratic and feudal traditions to turn not only French but also wider European polities towards a different direction happened through great violence. The justification of such violence is a better future where a governor is unable to abuse his power and is only authorized by the people to whom sovereignty belongs. In brining constitutional democracy into the modern world, revolutions also brought the problem of establishing a new, legitimate order after overturning an old one.
Revolutions have ambitious goals. Drafting a new constitution, through which revolutionary principles are institutionalized, signals their passage from protest into law. Revolutionary scenarios, Stephen Gardbaum writes, refer to “abrupt, sharp, or at least relatively short transformations,” instead of any gradual evolution of the legal landscape. Revolutions frequently occur through chaos and violence, leading them to fail to establish a new constitutional framework, that is enduring, focused on the freedoms of individuals, and suppresses any possibility of the abuse of power through the “checks and balances” mechanism. By combining constitutional law, historical research, and frameworks from legal and political philosophy, this research project focuses on how revolutionary violence or its absence affects the efficacy, stability and endurance of the new constitutional orders it establishes.
Revolutions in both legal and political domains are deeply connected to questions of legitimacy. Revolutionaries and their partners seek to secure different forms of consent domestically and internationally to overthrow an existing constitutional order, and to ensure that their actions become both normatively sanctioned retrospectively, but legally unrepeatable. Linking broader questions together, this project focuses on the specific cases for comparison in order to ask: how was the legitimacy of the revolutionary act understood legally by the state, revolutionaries, and their post-revolutionary successors?
- Second International Conference ‘Economic, Legal and Social Problems of Modern Development’, Akaki Tsereteli State University-09/2017- Kutaisi, Georgia
4.Grants (own Grants and Participation in Grants)
- Legal researcher at the project on ‘The Assistance of the Empowerment of Parliamentary Control Over Security and Internal Affairs Services’ supported by Open Society Georgian Foundation (OSGF)
- A member of translation and update group of publication on ‘Strengthening Legislative Capacity in Legislative-Executive Relations’ supported by National Democratic Institute (NDI)
It is a great honor and motivation to be a Ph.D. student of the Joint International Doctoral School, generously supported by the Volkswagen Foundation. The Program’s collaboration of Ilia State University and Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster represents an unusual avenue for combining different approaches to political and legal philosophy. The extremely supportive academic and administration team helps me to fully concentrate on my research project, which makes the research process much more enjoyable. That support gives me confidence that my great curiosity towards my research project will produce excellent results. This academic environment encourages critical thinking and gives me the space to deeply elaborate my research interest.